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Messages from the
BIML and BIPM Directors
作为一名机械工程师，对于动力学，首先浮现在我脑海的是它是应用物理学的一个分支，特别是在经典力学领域中关于力和扭矩及其对运动影响的研究方面。动力学的研究分两类：线性的（如力、质量/惯性，位移，速度，加速度和动量）和旋转的（如转矩、惯性矩/转动惯量、角位移、角速度、角加速度和角动量)。通常，物体同时做线性和旋转运动。
许多仪器在“动态”法制计量学中被应用，下面举例说明：
●自动称重仪器，可以对运动物体进行称重； ●电能表，测量电子流； ●各种类型的测量水流量的仪器； ●测量其他各种液体流量和气流量的仪器； ●计价器。
然而在英语中，“动态”一词不仅与运动有关，还与变化有关。
一个运用在多种不同科学（如计量）和工程学科中的例子可以突显这个连续性的和富有成效的“变化”，那就是太空旅行。1903年12月17日，莱特兄弟研制出第一架可控制的、具备持续自动推进功能的飞机。1957年10月4日，苏联将人造卫星1号送入轨道，这是地球的第一颗人造卫星。1969年7月20日，在美国的阿波罗11号任务中实现了第一次载人登月。1998年，国际空间站（ISS）的第一个组件，或可居住的人造卫星，投入低地球轨道。2012年，美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的好奇号探测器成功登陆并对火星进行探索。最近2014年11月，欧洲航天局的罗塞塔任务让菲莱探测器着陆在彗星上。
计量领域发生了巨大的变化，有关某些国际标准单位的定义工作，诸如对于千克的新的定义已接近完成。为其他国际标准单位作出定义而改进设备的研究持续获得成功。
计量学如人类文明一样古老，但它仍在持续变化；并且还能看到它在加速变化，它仍然是动态的。参与到被我们称之为“计量”的工作的时刻是非常令人着迷的。
Measurements in a dynamic world
As a mechanical engineer, the first thought that comes to my mind is that dynamics is a branch of applied physics, specifically the field of classical mechanics which is concerned with the study of forces and torques and their effect on motion. The study of dynamics falls under two categories: linear (quantities such as force, mass/inertia, displacement, velocity, acceleration and momentum) and rotational (quantities such as torque, moment of inertia/rotational inertia, angular displacement, angular velocity, angular acceleration and angular momentum). Very often, objects exhibit both linear and rotational motion. Numerous instruments are utilized in “dynamic” legal metrology; some examples are:
- automatic weighing instruments, which can weigh items while in motion,
- electricity meters, which measure of the flow of electrons,
- various types of instruments that measure the flow of water,
- the flow of various other liquids and gases, and
- taximeters.
In English, however, the word “dynamic” relates not only to motion but also to change. One example that highlights this continuous and productive change which encompasses many different sciences (including metrology) and engineering disciplines is space travel. On December 17, 1903 the Wright brothers made the first controlled, self-powered sustained flight. On October 4, 1957, the USSR placed in orbit the Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite of Earth. On July 20, 1969, the first manned lunar landing was achieved by the United States’ Apollo 11 mission. In 1998 the first components of the International Space Station (ISS), or habitable artificial satellite, were put into low Earth orbit. In 2012, NASA’s Curiosity succeeded in landing on and exploring Mars. More recently in November 2014 the ESA’s Rosetta mission landed its Philae probe on a comet. In the metrology community we are now seeing significant changes related to the definition of certain SI units as work on the new definition of the kilogram nears completion. Research continues to be successful in refining values and equipment used in the definition and the mise en pratique of other SI units. While metrology, the science of measurement, is as old as human civilization it continues to constantly change; it continues to see forward acceleration and it continues to be dynamic. It is truly a fascinating time to be a part of this very dynamic work that we call “metrology”.
Measurements in a dynamic world
When we reflect on the rapid pace of change in the 21st century, we may say that “the only thing that is constant is change itself”. The needs for metrology, and how these needs are met, are no exceptions; it is a challenge to bring the benefits of a stable and accurate measurement system to a dynamic world. Many of the needs of society are met by new technologies, and it is essential that stable and accurate measurements are available to underpin them. The accurate knowledge of dynamic quantities is pivotal to progress in high technology whether it is the high-speed movements in a disk drive, the variations in supply and demand from renewable energy sources on electricity grids, or the drive for environmental improvement and fuel efficiency in the aerospace industry. Dynamic quantities also play an increasing role in established industries, such as the dynamic weighing of trains and trucks, and the monitoring of vibration and impact arising from the tyres and engines of cars. These applications of dynamic measurement bring particular challenges. Linking highly accurate long-term stable standards to dynamic in situ measurements in everyday applications is difficult and itself requires great innovation. Adapting our measurement capabilities to a dynamic world requires other steps too. The need to ‘future proof’ the International System of Units (the SI) is one of the key drivers for the redefinition planned for 2018. The changes will ensure the benefits of greater universality of the world’s measurement system, and open new opportunities for scientific and technological advances in the future. We all need dynamic people in dynamic organisations to address the challenges of measurement in a dynamic world. | 
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