2014年世界计量日 主题计量应对能源挑战

上帝

中文海报

Message from the BIPM Director

WORLD METROLOGY DAY 2014

Martin Milton

Martin Milton
Director of the BIPM

Measurements and the global energy challenge

The availability of energy from many different sources is vital for our lives today. The well-being of industry, commerce and the maintenance of our quality of life depend on safe, secure, sustainable and affordable energy.

获取从不同来源的能源对我们今日的生活来说至关重要。无论工商业的兴旺还是维持我们的生活质量，都离不开安全可靠可持续可担负的能源。

The challenge of meeting the ever-increasing demand for energy, whilst controlling costs and minimizing damage to the Earth, is leading to the development of new sources of energy and greater efficiency in its use. This progress is only possible because providers and users of energy can have access to a globally recognized basis for the measurement of energy in its many different forms.

如何既满足日益增长的能源需求又能控制成本并使地球的破坏尽可能小，对我们来说是一项挑战。它引导我们提高现有能源的利用效率并不断开发新能源。而只有在供应方和使用方对于许多不同形式的能源的测量能达成全球共识的基础上，这项进程才可能开展。

For example, measurements provide the basis for:

·consumers to compare prices from different energy suppliers,

·industry to evaluate the return on exploration for new energy sources, and

·researchers to validate their claims for new energy technologies.

例如，计量是以下的基础：

消费者得以在不同能源供应商之间比较价格，

企业的新能源开发得以回报，

研究者得以验证新能源技术的要求

All of these are possible because there is access around the world to a measurement system originating from the Metre Convention, and now based on the International System of Units (SI).

所有这一切都是可能的，因为全球都并入了统一的测量体系，它发端于米制大会，现在称之为国际单位制。

The measurement of energy has always been one of the central challenges that has shaped our system of base and derived units. The need to measure temperature, electricity and light is motivated by the need to quantify sources of energy and has led to the development of the kelvin, the ampere and the candela, all of which are base units in the SI.

能源测量总是中心挑战之一，它构成了我们的基本单位和导出单位系统。对能源量化的需求激励了对温度、电以及光的测量需求，促进了开尔文、安培、和坎德拉这些SI基本单位的发展。

The first methods for measuring temperature, electricity and light were developed in the nineteenth century to meet the needs of an industrial revolution powered by coal and gas. Nowadays the challenge of measuring new forms of energy continues to inspire research in metrology. For example, national metrology institutes around the world are working to develop new methods:

第一个测量温度、电和光的方法，是为了满足由煤与瓦斯驱动的工业革命的需要，而于十九世纪发展起来的。今天，测量新形式能源的挑战持续激发着计量领域的研究。例如，全世界的国家计量机构都在发展新的方法：

·to ensure that the efficiency of solar photovoltaic technologies is measured accurately,

·to improve the lifetime and performance of the materials used in wind and wave power systems,

·to validate new approaches to reducing emissions from power stations, and

·to underpin the complex commercial transactions taking place in modern electricity grids.

来确保太阳能光伏技术的准确测量

来改善风力和潮汐发电材料的寿命和性能

来验证电厂减少气体排放的新方法

来支撑现代电网中复杂的商业交易

This research involves collaboration between institutes in different countries and the results feed in to and strengthen the existing infrastructure for the international recognition of measurements. In this way the metrology community contributes to the world-wide efforts to meet the global energy challenge.

这项研究需要各国机构通力合作，其结果传递到和加强现有对于测量的国际共识的基础。这就是计量界对全球能源挑战的贡献。

Message from the BIML Director

WORLD METROLOGY DAY 2014

Stephen Patoray

Stephen Patoray
Director the BIML

Measurements and the global energy challenge

When the 2014 WMD topic was first proposed, I began to think about what the global energy challenge is, and the role that measurements and especially legal metrology play in it.

当第一次构思2014世界计量日的主题时，我开始思考全球能源的挑战是什么，计量，尤其是法制计量又在其中扮演什么样的角色。

While measurements are central to most basic decisions on energy usage, there are many other aspects of the global energy challenge which are much more complex:

尽管计量在能源使用中基本处于决策的中心环节，然而能源挑战的许多其他方面仍然非常棘手。

§global population growth;全球人口增长

§emerging economies;新兴经济体

§complex technologies;复杂的技术

§increasing consumer demands;增长的消费需求

§higher quality of life;更高的生活质量

§etc.其他

These factors may result in significant increases in demand for all types of energy which in turn may result in environmental changes and pollution. This demand requires redistributing existing energy supplies, increasing energy production and developing alternative energies. It became clear to me that I needed to break this down into smaller, more manageable pieces of information so I could better understand the role of legal metrology.

这些因素可能引起对各种能源需求的巨大增长，这同时也会引起环境的改变和污染。这个巨大需求需要重新分配能源供给，提高能源产量以及开发替代能源。显然，我需要将这些问题分解细化成更易于管理的信息，我才能更好理解法制计量所扮演的角色。

I began to realize that no matter how complex this challenge seems to be, it comes down to individual choices regarding the energy we use in our daily lives. It makes no difference whether we are talking about national or local governments, large or small companies, organizations or individuals. However, to make good choices we need information, much of which is based on measurements. For the results of these measurements to be useful we must have confidence in the instruments and the processes used. To ensure this confidence, the instruments must comply with performance requirements laid down in internationally recognized written standards.

我开始意识到不管这个挑战看起来多复杂，它都取决于我们每个人日常生活中如何选择所用的能源。不管我们谈论的是国家政府还是地方政府，大企业还是小公司，组织还是个人，这都没有区别。然而，要做出正确选择，我们需要得到信息，而大部分信息基于测量。测量结果是否有效，来自于我们对所使用的仪器和处理过程的信心。为保证这个信心，仪器性能必须符合国际公认的标准。

Many instruments under legal metrological control are linked to our consumption of energy:

许多仪器受法制计量监管用于测量我们的能源消耗：

§some are directly linked, such as gas meters, electricity meters and fuel dispensers;

§一些是直接用于能源计量的，如燃气表电能表加油机等

§some are indirectly linked, such as the air pressure in the our car tires; and

§一些是间接的，如胎压表等

§others are linked to the consequences of energy production, such as pollution from power plants, exhaust emissions from our cars, and now, increasingly, the measurement of greenhouse gases.

§其他则是与能源生产的结果有关，例如来自电厂的污染，汽车的尾气排放，以及当下快速增长的温室气体

The vital role that measurements and especially legal metrology play in this global challenge is now very clear to me.

现在对我来说，计量尤其是法制计量在全球能源挑战所扮演的重要角色是非常明晰了。

As we join together to celebrate World Metrology Day, we should all be aware and be thankful that there are knowledgeable, highly skilled and dedicated people, not just in the legal metrology community but across the many businesses in the energy sectors, who are working every day to ensure that we have the systems in place to provide accurate, internationally accepted equipment and measurements. Thanks to these people we are all able to have confidence in the decisions we make with respect to all the measurements we need in order to address the global energy challenge.

当我们汇聚一堂共同庆祝世界计量日之时，我们应当意识到并感谢那些有知识有技术并为之奉献的人，不仅仅是法制计量界，还包括许多从事能源相关行业的人们。正是因为有了他们日夜的工作，确保我们有井井有条的测量系统来提供准确的、国际接受的的设备和测量结果。感谢他们，让我们对我们的决定有信心，用我们所需要的测量系统来应对全球能源挑战。

顶卤煮，好资料。

激光

very  good !太好了！

niuhzy

很不错的资料，开拓眼界

wushilei

非常不错，希望大家都重视计量行业。

飘八零

还没到520呢就放出这个啊，今年的效率是不是有点高啊