本帖最后由 史锦顺 于 2014-7-7 10:28 编辑
- 测量结果与测得值的区别 - 史锦顺 - 在以前的文献中,常常把测得值叫做测量结果。VIM3对“测量结果”一词有了新的界定。新说法是:测量结果包含测得值与不确定度两个部分。当然,这是不确定度理论派的说法。误差理论派则认为测量结果包括测得值与误差范围两个部分。在历史上,重要的测量,例如光速的测量,珠峰高度的测量,其测量的结果都是表达为两个部分,即测得值±误差范围。也就是说,在历史上,误差理论从来都是用“测得值±误差范围”来表达“测量结果”。因此,应该把测量结果定义为“测得值±误差范围”。 建议:在我们的学术讨论中,也要注意测量结果与测得值的区别。不该再把测得值叫做测量结果。 - 根据1 VIM3 的条款(注意NOTE2) 2.9 (3.1) measurement result result of measurement set of quantity values being attributed to a measurand together with any other available relevant information NOTE 1 A measurement result generally contains “relevant information” about the set of quantity values, such that some may be more representative of the measurand than others. This may be expressed in the form of a probability density function (PDF). NOTE 2 A measurement result is generally expressed as a single measured quantity value and a measurement uncertainty. If the measurement uncertainty is considered to be negligible for some purpose, the measurement result may be expressed as a single measured quantity value. In many fields, this is the common way of expressing a measurement result. NOTE 3 In the traditional literature and in the previous edition of the VIM, asurement result was defined as a value attributed to a measurand and explained to mean an indication, or an uncorrected result, or a corrected result, according to the context. - 根据 2 《JJF1059.1-2012》的条款(注意注2)
- 请问崔伟群先生: 你作为国家计量院的专家,在本楼发帖说:“不确定度理论与误差理论都正确”,那测量结果该怎样表达?测得值是必有的,另一个是该用不确定度呢,还是该用误差范围?现在只有包含不确定度的规范,却没有包含误差范围的规范,你怎样解释? - 请问规矩湾先生,你多次说误差与不确定度是两姊妹,那样,测量结果的表达,除测得值是必有之外,另一个用什么?世界上没有一个测量结果的表达中,既有不确定度又有误差范围,你怎样解释?事实证明,两个指标说是不成立的。你可以当不确定度派,也可以当误差理论派;而当骑墙派,没法表达测量结果。 你老是指责别人把误差理论与不确定度理论置于你死我活的境地,难道两者能并存吗?二者都要,测量结果就没法表达! - |